I-Polytetrafluoroethylene, noma i-PTFE, iyinto evamile kakhulu esetshenziswa cishe kuyo yonke imboni enkulu.Le fluoropolymer e-ultra-lubricious nesetshenziswa kaningi ithinta wonke umuntu kusukela ku-aerospace kanye nezimboni zezimoto (njengekhava evikelayo kukhebula) kuya ekulungisweni kwezinsimbi zomculo (itholakala ku-valve yamafutha ethusi nezinsimbi zokhuni ukuze zisetshenziswe ezingxenyeni zazo ezihambayo).Mhlawumbe ukusetshenziswa kwayo okudume kakhulu kusetshenziswa njengendawo enganamathi emabhodweni nasemapanini.I-PTFE ingakhiwa ibe izingxenye ezibunjiwe;esetshenziswa njengamajoyinti amapayipi aguquguqukayo, imizimba yama-valve, izivikeli zikagesi, amabheringi, namagiya;futhi ikhishwe njenge-tubing.
Ukumelana namakhemikhali okwedlulele kanye nokungabi namandla kwamakhemikhali, kanye nezakhiwo ezingasindi kodwa eziqinile ze-PTFE, ziyenza ibe nenzuzo enkulu ekukhiqizeni nasekusetshenzisweni kwemishini yezokwelapha.Ngenxa ye-coefficient yayo ephansi ngokungavamile (okuyindlela yezibalo yokusho ukuthi indawo engaphezulu ishelela ngokuphawulekayo),PTFE amashubhuingasetshenziswa ukudlulisa amakhemikhali anokhahlo noma amathuluzi ezokwelapha okudinga ukuhlanzeka kwawo futhi adinga ukudlula okuphephile emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.Ishubhu ye-PTFE inamafutha kakhulu, iyakwazi ukuqina futhi izacile kangangokuthi ilungele i-ID ye-catheter eqondisayo (ububanzi bangaphakathi) lapho amathuluzi afana nama-stents, amabhaluni, i-atherectomy, noma amadivayisi we-angioplasty adinga ukuslayida adlule ngokukhululeka ngaphandle kosongo lwezihibe noma ukuvinjwa.Ngenxa yokuthi akukho okunamathela kulokhu, kungase futhi kuphazamise ikhono lamabhaktheriya nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo zokunamathela ku-tubing futhi zibangele izifo ezitholwa esibhedlela.
Zonke lezi zimfanelo ezimangalisayo ze-PTFE zisho ukuthi cishe ihlale iboshelwe kwenye into.Uma isetshenziswa njenge-coating, njenge-gasket yokuvala, noma njenge-tubing ngamajakhethi e-Pebax nama-plastic connective ferrules, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi idinga ukunamathela kwenye into.Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuqaphelile esesivele sikushilo: akukho okunamathela ku-PTFE.Izakhiwo ezenza le nto ikhange kakhulu ezinkampanini zemishini yezokwelapha futhi ivame ukudala izinselelo zokukhiqiza ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa nokukhiqizwa komkhiqizo.Ukuthola ama-coatings, ama-elastomers, nezinye izingxenye zedivayisi ukuze kunamathele ku-PTFE kuyinselele emangalisayo futhi kudinga izilawuli zenqubo eziqinile.
Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi bakwenza kanjani lokhu okusetshenziswa kabanzi, okungaboshiwe kube isibopho?Futhi bazi kanjani ukuthi iselashwe noma ilungiswe kahle futhi isilungele ukuboshelwa noma ukugqokiswa?
Ukubaluleka Kwe-Chemical Etching PTFE
Ukuze uchaze ukuthi kungani i-chemical etching idingeka, kuyadingeka ukuqonda ukuthi yini ebangela ukuntula kwe-PTFE kokubopha.I-PTFE yenziwe ngamabhondi amakhemikhali azinze kakhulu, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi ihlangane nanoma yini enye, noma kafushane.
Njengoba i-PTFE ingasebenzi ngamakhemikhali, okusho ukuthi indawo engaphezulu ayisabeli nanoma yimaphi ama-molecule ekhemikhali ehlangana nawo, noma lawo asemoyeni noma lawo angaphezulu kwezinye izinto, ingaphezulu lawo lidinga ukuguqulwa ngamakhemikhali ukuze linamathisele kukhebula, izinsimbi, noma amashubhu efakwa kuwo.
Konke ukunamathela kuyinqubo yamakhemikhali lapho izingqimba zamangqamuzana eziphezulu ezingu-1-5 zendawo zihlangana namakhemikhali akhona phezulu kwezingqimba zamangqamuzana ezi-1-5 zanoma iyiphi indawo esetshenziswa kuyo.Ngakho-ke, ingaphezulu le-PTFE lidinga ukwenziwa lisebenze ngamakhemikhali ngokuphambene ne-inert yamakhemikhali ukuze kuhlanganiswe ngempumelelo.Ku-Materials Science, indawo esebenza kakhulu futhi elangazelela ukuhlangana namanye ama-molecule ibizwa ngokuthi "indawo enamandla amakhulu."Ngakho-ke i-PTFE idinga ukuthathwa kusukela kusimo "samandla aphansi", okuyisimo saso sokuqala, siye "kumandla aphezulu," ikhwalithi eboshiwe.
Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokwenza lokhu, okuhlanganisa nokwelashwa kwe-vacuum plasma, futhi kukhona abanye abathi bangakwazi ukuzuza indawo ebophekayo ku-PTFE ngokufaka isihlabathi, ukuhushula, noma ukusebenzisa iziqalo ezakhelwe i-PVC noma i-polyolefin.Nokho, indlela evame kakhulu futhi efakazelwe ngokwesayensi kakhulu inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-chemical etching.
I-Etching iphula amanye amabhondi e-carbon-fluorine e-PTFE (eyakha wonke ama-fluoropolymers), empeleni, ishintsha izici zamakhemikhali zendawo eqoshiwe, iyisuse endaweni engenalutho iye endaweni esebenzayo futhi ekwazi ukusebenzisana ngamakhemikhali nezinye izinto. .Indawo ewumphumela ayinamafutha kangako kodwa manje isiyindawo enganamatheliswa, ibunjwe, noma ihlanganiswe kwezinye izinto, futhi ivunyelwe ukuba iphrintwe noma iqoshwe kuyo.
I-Etching yenziwa ngokubeka i-PTFE kusixazululo sesodium, njenge-Tetra Etch evame ukusetshenziswa.Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okuwumphumela okungaphezulu kususa ama-molecule e-fluorine kumgogodla we-carbon-fluorine we-fluoropolymer kushiya ama-athomu ekhabhoni ashoda ngama-electron.Indawo esanda kuqoshwa inamandla amakhulu kakhulu, futhi lapho ichayeke emoyeni, amangqamuzana omoya-mpilo, umhwamuko wamanzi, ne-hydrogen avunyelwe ukundiza athathe indawo yama-athomu e-fluorine, okuvumela ukubuyiselwa kwama-electron.Le nqubo yokubuyisela ibangela ifilimu esebenzayo yama-molecule endaweni evumela ukunamathela.
Enye yezinto ezinhle mayelana ne-chemical etching ukuthi iyakwazi ukushintsha izingqimba ezimbalwa zamangqamuzana aphezulu futhi ishiye yonke i-PTFE iphelele nazo zonke izici zayo ezihlukile.
Ukuqinisekisa Kanjani Ukuvumelana Kwenqubo Ye-Chemical Etch.
Izici eziyinhloko ze-PTFE zihlala zifana njengoba ukufakwa kwamakhemikhali kuthinta kuphela izendlalelo zamangqamuzana ezimbalwa eziphezulu kakhulu.Kodwa-ke, kungase kube ne-brown noma i-tan tinting ku-tubing.Ukwehluka kombala akubonakali kuhlobana nendlela okubosheka ngayo okungaphezulu, ngakho-ke ungasebenzisi lokhu kushintsha kombala njengenkomba yangempela yokuthi i-PTFE yaqoshwa kahle kangakanani.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwazi ukuthi i-etching yakho idale uhlobo lwendawo oyilandelayo ukusebenzisa indlela esetshenziswa yiwo wonke ama-etchers angochwepheshe: ukulinganisa i-engeli yokuxhumana kwamanzi.Le nqubo yenziwa ngokufaka iconsi lamanzi ahlanzeke kakhulu ku-PTFE nokulinganisa ukuthi lelo drop liziphatha kanjani.Ukwehla okuncane kuzokwenziwa ubuhlalu ngenxa yokuthi kukhangwa kakhulu ngokwako kune-PTFE, noma "kuzomanzisa" futhi kubhebhetheke ebusweni ngoba kukhangwe kakhulu i-PTFE.Ngokuvamile, lapho i-etch yamakhemikhali iphumelela kakhulu - lapho i-engeli yokuxhumana iyancipha (, i-flatter drop drop) izoba.Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngakho njengokuhlola "ukumanzisa" kwendawo ngoba, empeleni, uma ingaphezulu liqoshwe kahle futhi iconsi lamanzi lisakazeka, indawo engaphezulu iba manzi.
Isithombengenhlaikhombisa ukubuka okusuka phezulu phansi kweconsi lamanzi (ngaphakathi kweringi elincane eliphuzi nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) kushubhu le-PTFE ngaphambi kokuthi liqoshwe.Njengoba ungabona, unqenqema lokudonsa lenza i-engeli ye-95-degree ebusweni ithubhu.
Isithombe esingenhla sibonisa ithonsi lamanzi elifanayo elifakwe kushubhu ye-PTFE ngemva kokufakwa.Ungabona ukuthi ukudonsa kusakazeke kakhulu ebusweni bepayipi ngoba indandatho ephuzi neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka inkulu.Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-drop edge idala i-engeli yokuxhumana ephansi ne-tubing.Futhi uma sikala leyo engeli ngedivayisi ye-Surface Analyst, lapho zombili lezi zithombe zithathwe khona, siyabona ukuthi, yebo, i-engeli ingu-38 degrees.Uma lokho kuhlangabezana nezidingo zethu ezinqunywe kusengaphambili zenombolo okudingeka siyishaye ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi leli shubhu liyasebenziseka, lapho-ke sisanda kuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo iqoshwe ngokwanele.
Ukuze usebenzise kahle kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwe-engeli yokuxhumana namanzi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisana noSayensi we-Surface ukuze uqonde ukuthi iliphi ibanga le-engeli elifanelekile ongafinyelela kulo ngemva kwe-etch yakho.Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi wakhe inqubo yebhondi ebikezelwayo ngokusekelwe esimisweni esingalinganiseka.Ngoba uma wazi ukuthi udinga ukudala indawo ene-angle ethile yokuxhumana, khona-ke uyazi ukuthi uma wenza, ukunamathela kwakho kuzoba yimpumelelo.
Ukwengeza, ukuze uqinisekise inqubo yokubhala ephumelelayo, kubalulekile ukuthatha isilinganiso se-engeli yokuxhumana namanzi ngaphambi kokuba ukushumeka kwenzeke.Ukuthola ukuhlolwa kokuhlanzeka okuyisisekelo kukuvumela ukuthi wazi kahle ukuthi amapharamitha we-etch kumele abe yini ukuze ufinyelele izidingo zakho ze-engeli yokuxhumana.
Ukugcina I-Etch Yakho
Ukugcinwa okufanele kwe-PTFE emisiwe kubalulekile kwinqubo yokunamathela eyimpumelelo.Isitoreji ne-inventory I-Critical Control Point (CCP).Lawa ma-CCP akunoma yikuphi kuyo yonke inqubo lapho ingaphezulu lempahla linethuba lokushintsha, okuhle noma okubi, futhi mhlawumbe kungahlosiwe.I-CCP yokugcina ibalulekile ku-PTFE egxilile ngoba indawo esanda kuhlanzwa ngamakhemikhali iyasebenza kangangokuthi noma yini ehlangana nayo ingashintsha futhi yehlise isithunzi umsebenzi wakho.
Umkhuba omuhle kakhulu wokugcina i-PTFE post-etch ukusebenzisa iphakheji yoqobo efike ngayo uma ivaleleka futhi.Uma lokho kungatholakali, izikhwama ze-UV-blocking ziyindlela enhle.Gcina i-PTFE ikude nomoya kanye nomswakama ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ngaphambi kokuzama ukunamathela kuyo, qiniseka ukuthi uthatha isilinganiso se-engeli yokuxhumana ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi igcine ikhono layo lokubopha.
I-PTFE iyinto engajwayelekile enezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, kodwa ukuze uthole okuningi kuyo, kufanele iqoshwe ngokwekhemikhali bese iboshelwa ezimweni eziningi.Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lokhu kwenziwa ngokwanele, ukuhlolwa okuzwela izinguquko zamakhemikhali endaweni kufanele kusetshenziswe.Hlanganyela nochwepheshe wezinto zokwakha oqonda inqubo yakho yokukhiqiza ukuze uthuthukise i-etch yakho futhi ufake isiqiniseko ekuhambeni kwakho komsebenzi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-17-2023